35x45 Photo Size (3.5 x 4.5 cm) — UK, Schengen & EU Passport Photo Standard
The 35x45 mm photo is the most widely used passport format outside the United States. The UK HM Passport Office, Schengen member states, Australia, New Zealand, Japan, Singapore, the Canada visa application, and India's Passport Seva online portal all require this exact size — 35 mm wide by 45 mm tall, also written as 3.5 x 4.5 cm or 1.38 x 1.77 inches. Get the dimensions, head proportions, or background slightly wrong and the application is rejected before a human reviewer sees it. This guide breaks down the official 35x45 photo specifications, pixel conversions, country-specific rules, and how to generate a compliant image in under a minute with the free online tool below.
35x45 Photo Size (Quick Answer)
The 35x45 photo size measures 35 mm × 45 mm (3.5 × 4.5 cm or 1.38 × 1.77 inches). At 300 DPI it equals 413 × 531 pixels. It is the official passport photo standard for the UK, Schengen, Australia, and most of Asia.
| Unit | Value |
|---|---|
| Millimeters | 35 × 45 mm |
| Centimeters | 3.5 × 4.5 cm |
| Inches | 1.38 × 1.77 in |
| Pixels @ 300 DPI | 413 × 531 px |
| Pixels @ 600 DPI | 826 × 1062 px |
| Aspect Ratio | 7:9 |
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Portrait orientation, 7:9 ratio
The 35x45 mm format is taller than it is wide. The head occupies the upper 70-80% of the frame with a small margin above the crown. Shoulders are framed but not dominant. The same physical print equals 413 × 531 pixels when digitized at 300 DPI.
35x45 Photo Size in Pixels
The 35x45 mm photo translates into precise pixel values based on the DPI of the file. Online portals use these pixel ranges to validate uploads:
35x45 mm in Pixels
| DPI | Pixel Width | Pixel Height | Usage |
|---|---|---|---|
| 72 DPI (screen only) | 99 px | 127 px | Not accepted for official upload |
| 150 DPI | 207 px | 266 px | Below minimum biometric standard |
| 300 DPI (standard) | 413 px | 531 px | UK, Schengen, AU, India PSK, Japan |
| 600 DPI (high-res) | 826 px | 1062 px | High-resolution submissions, print archives |
The 35x45 mm format equals 413 × 531 pixels at 300 DPI — the most-uploaded passport photo resolution worldwide. For a full pixel reference across every country, see our complete passport photo size in pixels guide.
35x45 mm in Every Unit
Different agencies publish requirements in different units. Use this conversion reference to match any official specification document.
Compare 35x45 mm with the 2x2 photo size used in the United States, or browse every country in the master passport photo dimensions reference.
Countries That Use the 35x45 mm Photo Size
The 35x45 mm format follows the ICAO Doc 9303 biometric standard, which is why it has been adopted by nearly every major issuing authority outside the United States.
| Country / Document | Background | Head Height | File Size (Online) |
|---|---|---|---|
| United Kingdom Passport | White, cream, or light grey | 29–34 mm | 50 KB – 10 MB |
| Germany Passport / ID | Light grey | 32–36 mm | ≤ 240 KB |
| France Passport | Light grey | 32–36 mm | ≤ 240 KB |
| Italy Passport | White / light grey | 32–36 mm | ≤ 240 KB |
| Spain Passport / DNI | Plain white | 32–36 mm | ≤ 240 KB |
| Netherlands Passport | Light grey | 32–36 mm | ≤ 240 KB |
| Schengen Visa (member states) | Light grey | 32–36 mm | ≤ 240 KB |
| Australia Passport | Plain white | 32–36 mm | ≤ 500 KB |
| Australia Visa | Plain white | 32–36 mm | ≤ 500 KB |
| New Zealand Passport | Plain light grey | 32–36 mm | ≤ 250 KB |
| Japan Passport | White | 32–36 mm | ≤ 240 KB |
| Singapore Passport | White | 25–35 mm | ≤ 60 KB |
| South Korea Passport | White | 32–36 mm | ≤ 100 KB |
| Canada Visa / TRV | Plain white | 31–36 mm | ≤ 240 KB |
| Canada PR Card | Plain white | 31–36 mm | ≤ 240 KB |
| India Passport Seva (online) | Pure white | 25–32 mm | 10 – 20 KB |
35x45 Photo Size for Popular Countries
Quick yes/no reference for travelers verifying whether their destination accepts the 35x45 mm format.
| Country | Uses 35x45 mm? | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| Germany | ✅ Yes | Biometric passport & ID card |
| France | ✅ Yes | Passport & carte d'identité |
| Italy | ✅ Yes | Passport & CIE |
| Spain | ✅ Yes | Passport & DNI |
| Netherlands | ✅ Yes | Paspoort & ID-kaart |
| Belgium | ✅ Yes | Passport & eID |
| Sweden | ✅ Yes | Pass & nationellt ID-kort |
| Poland | ✅ Yes | Paszport & dowód osobisty |
| Portugal | ✅ Yes | Passaporte & Cartão de Cidadão |
| Switzerland | ✅ Yes | Biometric passport |
| Australia | ✅ Yes | DFAT passport & visa |
| Japan | ✅ Yes | Passport (also accepts 45x45 mm) |
| United Kingdom | ✅ Yes | HMPO passport (head 29–34 mm) |
| India (PSK online) | ✅ Yes | Online upload only; in-person uses 51x51 |
| United States | ❌ No | Uses 2 x 2 inch (51 x 51 mm) |
Generating a 35x45 photo for any country above?
Create 35x45 Photo →Create Your 35x45 Photo Size Online
Manually cropping a phone photo to exactly 35x45 mm with the right head proportions is harder than it sounds — most photo editors output to standard print sizes, not biometric dimensions. Our tool eliminates the guesswork.
Upload any portrait, choose your destination country, and the system locks the crop to the official 35x45 mm frame, centers your face, applies the correct background, and exports a portal-ready file at 413 × 531 pixels.
Upload your photo and our Passport Photo Maker automatically:
- Crops the photo correctly to a 7:9 (35x45 mm) ratio
- Centers your face within the official biometric frame
- Applies proper dimensions in millimeters and pixels
- Creates a compliant photo at the file-size limit of your portal
- Generates a print-ready 4x6 sheet with 6 copies for cutting
35x45 mm Photo Requirements
| Photo size | 35 mm × 45 mm (3.5 × 4.5 cm / 1.38 × 1.77 in) |
|---|---|
| Width | 35 mm (413 px @ 300 DPI) |
| Height | 45 mm (531 px @ 300 DPI) |
| Background | Plain light-colored background (white, off-white, or light grey) |
| Head size (chin to crown) | 29–34 mm (UK), 32–36 mm (Schengen, EU, AU) |
| Eye line | Between 30 and 36 mm from the bottom of the photo |
| Resolution | 300 DPI standard, up to 600 DPI accepted |
| File format | JPEG (.jpg) — universal acceptance |
| File size | 10 KB to 240 KB for most online portals |
| Color | 24-bit color, sRGB, natural skin tones, no filters |
| Glasses | Not permitted in UK, Schengen, Australia, or India |
| Expression | Neutral face, mouth closed, eyes open and visible |
| Headwear | Not permitted unless worn for religious or medical reasons |
How to Create a 35x45 Photo Size
- Take a high-resolution photo — Stand 4-5 feet from a plain white or light grey wall in soft natural light. Face the camera squarely with a neutral expression and closed mouth.
- Open the Passport Photo Maker — Visit the ClonyPDF Passport Photo Maker and drag your image into the upload area.
- Choose your country — Select the UK, Schengen, Australia, or any other 35x45 mm preset. The tool locks the crop ratio, head height, and file-size limit to that authority's official specification.
- Auto-crop and adjust — Face detection centers your head and applies the 29-34 mm chin-to-crown rule. Fine-tune the position if the system suggests it.
- Download the result — Export a 413 × 531 pixel JPEG sized to the portal's KB limit, plus a 4x6 inch print sheet with 6 cuttable copies for in-person submissions.
Printing the 35x45 mm Photo
If you need physical copies for an embassy appointment or a paper application, the 35x45 mm photo prints six-up on a standard 4 x 6 inch (10 x 15 cm) photo paper. This is the same format every Boots, CVS, Walgreens, and Kodak self-service kiosk accepts.
| Print Sheet | Copies per Sheet | Recommended Paper |
|---|---|---|
| 4 x 6 in (10 x 15 cm) | 6 copies of 35x45 mm | Glossy or matte photo paper, 200–250 gsm |
| A4 (21 x 29.7 cm) | 20 copies of 35x45 mm | Glossy photo paper, 200 gsm |
| Letter (8.5 x 11 in) | 18 copies of 35x45 mm | Glossy photo paper, 200 gsm |
Our tool exports the 4 x 6 inch sheet automatically — just print it on photo paper, cut along the guide lines, and the dimensions are exact.
Why 35x45 Photos Get Rejected
Wrong Dimensions
Photo is cropped to 35x40 mm or 40x50 mm instead of the precise 35x45 mm — most common when using basic phone crop tools that snap to ratios like 4:5 or 3:4.
Head Too Small or Too Large
Face occupies less than 70% or more than 80% of the vertical frame. UK HMPO measures this digitally and rejects within seconds.
Wrong Background
Textured wallpaper, gradients, or the wrong shade of grey for Schengen states. A 5% color shift can fail automated checks.
Poor Lighting
Side-lit faces create shadows under the chin and on one cheek, breaking the symmetry biometric scanners need.
Face Not Centered
Eye line below 30 mm or above 36 mm from the photo bottom triggers the "face position" rejection on UK and Schengen portals.
Low Resolution
JPEG saved below 413 x 531 pixels appears pixelated when printed at 35x45 mm. The minimum DPI is 300.
Glasses or Headwear
Eyewear reflections, sunglasses, and non-religious head coverings cause immediate failure in UK, Schengen, AU, and India.
Smile or Open Mouth
Biometric systems require a neutral expression with closed lips. Even small smiles distort facial-landmark detection.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is a 35x45 photo size?
A 35x45 photo is a passport-format photograph measuring 35 mm wide by 45 mm tall, also written as 3.5 x 4.5 cm or 1.38 x 1.77 inches. It is the standard for the UK passport, Schengen visa, Australia, New Zealand, Japan, and most non-US documents.
What is 35x45 mm photo size in pixels?
A 35x45 mm photo equals 413 × 531 pixels at 300 DPI and 826 × 1062 pixels at 600 DPI. These are the resolutions accepted by the UK HMPO, Schengen VFS portals, and India Passport Seva.
What is 3.5 x 4.5 cm photo size in inches?
A 3.5 × 4.5 cm photo equals 1.38 × 1.77 inches. It is the same physical size as the 35 x 45 mm standard.
Which countries use the 35x45 mm photo size?
The UK, Schengen member states (including Germany, France, Italy, Spain, and the Netherlands), Australia, New Zealand, Japan, Singapore, South Korea, the Canada visa application, and India's Passport Seva online portal all use 35x45 mm.
Can I take a 35x45 photo at home?
Yes. Stand 4-5 feet from a plain light-colored wall, use natural daylight, and upload the result to our Passport Photo Maker to crop and resize it to exact 35x45 mm dimensions.
What background is required for a 35x45 photo?
UK HMPO accepts white, cream, or light grey depending on contrast. Schengen states require plain light grey. Australia and Japan require plain white. India requires pure white. Patterns and dark colors are rejected.
Can I wear glasses?
No. The UK banned glasses in 2016, and Schengen, Australia, and India followed. Only medically required eyewear is allowed and requires a doctor's note.
Can I use my phone camera?
Yes. Any smartphone from the last 5 years exceeds the resolution required. Just hold the phone at eye level, use the rear camera, and crop with our tool to apply the 7:9 ratio.
How recent must the photo be?
The photo must be taken within the last 6 months and reflect your current appearance. Changes in facial hair, hair color, or significant weight require a new photo.
Is 35x45 the same as 2x2?
No. A 2x2 photo is 51 x 51 mm square (used by the US and India), while 35x45 is 35 mm × 45 mm rectangular (used by the UK, EU, Schengen, and Australia). See the 2x2 photo size guide for the US format.
Related Passport Photo Tools
Official Sources & References
- UK HM Passport Office — Photo Rules (gov.uk)
- European Commission — Schengen Visa Photo Requirements (home-affairs.ec.europa.eu)
- Australian Passport Office — Photo Guidelines (passports.gov.au)
- Government of Canada — Visa Photo Specifications (canada.ca)
- India Passport Seva — Photo Guidelines (passportindia.gov.in)
- ICAO Doc 9303 — Machine Readable Travel Documents biometric photograph standard
Create Your 35x45 Photo Size Now
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